Raytron Technical Review RESEARCH ARTICLE
Skin Effect in CCA Conductors at High Frequencies
Received: 2025-12 Accepted: 2026-02 Published: 03/2026
DOI: 10.1234/raytron.2026.WP-02-11
1. Introduction
1.1 Skin EffectAdvantages
in ，current in ConductorSurface。
Skin Effect EffectCurrent Distribution Schematic Diagram
MEDIA TODO2. Skin Effect
2.1 Basic
δ = √(ρ/πfμ)
(1) 2.2 current Density
J(r) = J₀ e^(-(R-r)/δ)
(2) 3.
Skin Depth vs Frequency Variation Curve
MEDIA TODO4. Analysis
AC ResistanceRatio vs Frequency Variation Diagram
MEDIA TODO5. Performance
6. Conclusion
Skin Effectmakes CCAin applications ，provides and Weight。
Figures
Skin Effect EffectCurrent DistributionDiagram
Skin Depth vs Frequency Variation Curve
AC ResistanceRatio vs Frequency Variation Diagram
Tables
Table 1 Skin Effect EffectAdvantage
| Frequency | Current Distribution | CCAAdvantage |
|---|---|---|
| DC/LowFrequency | Uniform | No |
| in Frequency | Surface | |
| HighFrequency | OnlySurface | FullAdvantage |
Table 2 Skin DepthCalculatedValue
| Frequency | Cu δ (μm) | Al δ (μm) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 MHz | 66 | 85 |
| 10 MHz | 21 | 27 |
| 100 MHz | 6.6 | 8.5 |
| 1 GHz | 2.1 | 2.7 |
Table 3 AC ResistanceRatio
| Frequency | RAC/RDC (Cu) | RAC/RDC (CCA) |
|---|---|---|
| 60 Hz | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 100 kHz | 1.10 | 1.15 |
| 1 MHz | 1.25 | 1.30 |
| 10 MHz | 1.80 | 1.85 |
Table 4 Design Optimization Guide
| FrequencyScope | MinimumCopper Thicknessss | RecommendedCCAetc. Grade |
|---|---|---|
| <1 MHz | ≥50 μm | CCA-70%+ |
| 1-100 MHz | ≥20 μm | CCA-62%+ |
| >100 MHz | ≥10 μm | CCA |
References
- Microwave Engineering (4th ed.) Wiley (2011)
- Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics Wiley (1994)