CCS-21% IACS: Grounding Applications
1. Introduction
1.1 CCS for Grounding
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MEDIA TODO2. Material Specifications
3. Grounding Requirements
4. Conductivity Analysis
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MEDIA TODO5. Mechanical Advantages
6. Theft Deterrence
The steel core has low scrap value, effectively preventing theft.
7. Conclusion
CCS-21% is the ideal choice for grounding applications, offering cost-effectiveness, theft deterrence, and sufficient conductivity.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CCS-21% and why is it used for grounding?
CCS-21% is Copper-Clad Steel with 21% IACS conductivity, specifically designed for grounding applications. It provides sufficient conductivity for fault current dissipation while offering superior mechanical strength and theft deterrence compared to solid copper.
How does CCS-21% compare to solid copper for grounding?
CCS-21% offers 60-70% cost savings, higher tensile strength (600-900 MPa vs ~200 MPa for copper), and excellent theft deterrence due to low scrap value. The 21% IACS conductivity is sufficient for grounding fault currents per IEEE 80 standards.
Is CCS-21% suitable for all grounding applications?
CCS-21% is ideal for most grounding applications including substation grounding, transmission tower grounding, and industrial facility grounding. It meets IEEE 80 requirements for fault current capacity while providing economic and security advantages.
How does the theft deterrence work?
The steel core of CCS has minimal scrap value compared to solid copper. Thieves cannot easily distinguish CCS from solid copper before theft, but recyclers pay significantly less for steel-core material, making it unattractive for theft.
Figures
GroundingSystem Diagram
Fault Current Distribution Diagram
Tables
| Requirement | Cu | CCS-21% |
|---|---|---|
| Fault CurrentCapacity | Good | Sufficient |
| Mechanical Strength | in etc. | High |
| Anti-theft Properties | Poor | Excellent |
| Cost | High | Low |
| Advantage | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Low cost | RatioCu Savings60-70% |
| Anti-theft | Steel CoreScrap ValueLow |
| High strength | Anti-Mechanical Damage |
| SufficientConductivity | Meeting Fault Current |
| Component | Specification |
|---|---|
| Core Material | LowCarbonSteel |
| Cladding Layer | Copper(≥99.9%) |
| Copper Volume Ratio | 20-25% |
| Typical Value | 21-23% |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Conductivity | 20-23% IACS |
| ResistanceRate | 7.5-8.5 μΩ·cm |
| Tensile Strength | 600-900 MPa |
References
- ASTM B452: Copper-Clad Steel Wire ASTM (2020)
- IEEE 80: Grounding Design IEEE (2021)